Резюме:

During the last decade our understanding of the formation of structure in the universe grew substantially. Due to the non-linear nature of the gravitational dynamics and the complicated gas-astrophysical processes numerical simulations have been the driving force behind much of this theoretical progress.

Cosmological simulations must cover a large dynamical and mass range. A representative volume of the universe should be large, but this comes at the expense of the resolution. To overcome this problem we have developed a new approach which consists of using observations of the nearby universe as constraints imposed on the initial conditions of the simulations. The resulting constrained simulations successfully reproduce the observed structure within a few tens of megaparsecs around the Milky Way.

I will discuss the formation of the Local Group and the Local Volume based on a series of simulations performed within the CLUES project - Constrained Local UniversE Simulations (http://www.clues-project.org/)